SOLVING HISTORY NECTA 2017

HISTORY NECTA 2017

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

SECTION A (20 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section. 

1. For each of the items (i) -­ (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i) Which of the following are included in the museums?

A. Cultural, social and economic itemsfrom the earliest time to the present.

B.  Remains which show man’s past made and used tools.

C.  Cultural practices such as art, musicreligion and riddles.

D.  Colonial records and early traveller’srecords.

E.  Special names of generations, clan trees and tribal chronology.

(ii) The coastal city states which grew from the trade contacts between East Africa and Asia were

A.  Mwanza, Tanga and Dar es Salaam

B.  Malindi, Kilwa and Mombasa

C.  Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam

D.  Lamu, Bagamoyo and Mbeya

E.  Mombasa, Zanzibar and Kigoma.

(iii) The type of colonial agriculture which predominated in Kenya was

A.  plantation

B.  peasant

C.  co-operative

D.  settler

E.  pastoralism.

(iv) The primitive communal societies were characterized by the following features except

 A  hunting and gathering

 B  low production

 C  exploitation of man by man

 D  low level of technology

 E  dependence on nature.

(v) Which of the following did not result from the contacts between East Africans and the

people from the Middle and Far East?

A.  Construction of Fort Jesus.

B.  Introduction of Islam.

C.  Emergence of slave trade

D.  Intermarriage.

E. Growth of coastal towns.

(vi) Who convened the conference which legalized the colonization of Africa?

 A.  David Livingstone.

 B.  Carl Peters.

 C.  Otto Von Bismarck.

 D.  Charles Darwin.

 E.  Adolf Hitler.

(vii) The period which was characterized by intense competition and warfare among the European states during the 17th century is called

A.  capitalism

B.  mercantilism

C.  feudalism

D.  industrial revolution

E.  scramble. 

(viii) When did most parts of East Africa adopt iron technology?

A  1st millennium AD.

B  1st millennium BC.

C  3rd millennium AD.

D  2nd millenium AD.

E  2nd  millennium BC.

(ix) The increase of the European merchantsin the interior of Africa after the abolition ofslave trade aimed at

A.  Intensifying slavery and slave trade

B. Establishing heavy industries

C. Searching for the sea route to India

D. Establishing legitimate trade

E. Assisting the Africans economically.

(x) Industrial development in Africa wasnot prioritized by the capitalists during thecolonial time because

A.  The colonialists were interested in obtaining raw materials

B.  The colonialists stressed on the provision of social services

C.  The climate did not favour industrial development

D.  Africa had no enough raw materials

E.  Africa had no infrastructure to support the industries.

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B by writing the letter of the corresponding response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

List A

List B

(i) A treaty signed in France which aimed at avoiding the occurrence of other wars in future. (ii) A treaty that enabled the British to control Zanzibar, Pemba, Kenya and Uganda as her areas of influence. (iii) A colonial system of administration that was introduced in Tanganyika by Governor Donald Cameron between 1925 and 1931. (iv) A treaty that confined the Sultan’s possession to the Islands of Zanzibar, Pemba, Mafia and the coastal towns of Kismayu. (v) A treaty that illegalized slave trade in East Africa in 1873. (vi) An agreement made between Carl Peters and Sultan Mangungo of Msowero. (vii) The first treaty that was signed in 1822 to illegalize slave trade in East Africa. (viii) The first treaty that was signed in 1822 to illegalize slave trade in East Africa. (ix) A declarationthat intended totransform Ugandainto a socialiststate. (x) An economicstrategy forTanzania whichstated that all   major means of production and exchange should be controlled by the peasants through thegovernment.

A  Indirect rule B  Direct rule C  Common Man’s Charter D  Buganda Agreement E  Versailles Treaty F  The Toro agreement G  Hamerton Treaty H  Frere Treaty I   The Ankole Agreement J  Arusha Declaration K  Delimitatiom Treaty L  Crown Land Ordinance M  Moresby treaty N  Franco-Russian Alliance O  Bogus Treaty P  The Treaty of April 1897 Q  Multi-party system R  Communalism S  Warsaw Pact T  Heligoland Treaty

SECTION B (20 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3. (a)   Draw a sketch map of Africa and locate by using roman numbers:

         

 (i) A country whose independence sharpened the continent-wide struggle for independence.

 (ii) A country in which Biafra waroccurred.

 (iii) A Portuguese colony which attained her independence under the leadership of Augostino Neto.

 (iv) A country in which the Organization of African Unity was formed.

 (v) The canal built by the colonists to facilitate voyages to and from India and the Middle East.

(b) Outline five tactics used to establish the colonial economy in Africa.

4. (a) Arrange the following statements in chronological order by writing number 1 to 5 beside the item number.

 (i) The scramble for colonies reached serious proportions by 1884.

 (ii) The Conference was held in Berlin from 1884 to 1885

 (iii) In order to avert war, the German Chancellor called an internationalconference.

 (iv) There were signs that if this scramble was not regulated, war would erupt among the European powers.

(v) The Conference was attended by Belgium, Britain, France, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany, Denmark and the United States of America.

 (b) The items (i-v) consist of four sentences which form a complete historical meaning. One of the sentences (A - E) is missing. Identify the missing sentence and write its letter beside the item number.

(i) 1. National armed forces are established because of some objectives.

2. They protect the country from externalaggression.

3. They promote internal security andintegrity.

4.             .

A  They are characterised by jailing thethieves.

B  They participate in the League ofNations.

C .They are members of the Security Council.

D  They heavily depended on prisoner’s labor.

E .They provide assistance during national emergencies.

(ii) 1. The survival of the colonial system despite the formal attainment of political independence is called neo-colonialism.

2. African countries became victims of this system through political, economic and technical means.

3.             .

4. Developing countries are conditioned to depend on the developed countries politically, socially and economically.

A.  The system works through agents of colonialism.

B.  This system works through AfricanUnity.

C.  This system works through the World Bank.

D.  This system works through equalexchange.

E.  This system works through scramble for colonies.

(iii) 1. Political instability has also weakened the attempts of many countries to attain political unity.

2. Civil wars in Africa have contributed to the backwardness of the continent.

3. Civil wars have been experienced inRwanda, Burundi, Sudan and Somalia.

4.                                   .

A  Its consequences include lack ofeconomic progress and loss of life.

B  Its consequences include loss of property and slave labour.

C  Its consequences includedestruction of property and the power ofVeto.

D  Its consequences include indirect rule and loss of life.

             

E  Its consequences include mass nationalism and nationalist struggles.

(iv) 1. Colonial oppression was extended in political, economic and social spheres.

2. Politically, the Africans in Africa had no democracy.

3. They did not have representation inthe legislative council.

4.                                   .

A  They did not have the right to vote.

B  They lacked membership in the Security Council.

C  They demanded Africans to be Kings in Europe.

D  They replaced colonialism with neo-colonialism.

E  They initiated an Open Door Policy in Africa.

(v) 1.The Portuguese were reluctant to grant independence since Mozambique was a settler colony.

2. The Portuguese never believed that Africans could be stronger than them.

3.The Portuguese government banned allpolitical parties in the colony.

4.                         .

A.  The Portuguese were ready forpeaceful transformation of power.

B.  Mozambique was not regarded as part and parcel of Portugal.

C.  Portugal was one among the richest countries in Europe.

D.  Colonies were regarded as overseasprovinces of Portugal.

E.  The colony was not very important to Portugal’s economy.

SECTION C (60 Marks)

Answer three (3) questions from this section.

5. Explain six significance of studyingHistory.

6. Access six contributions made by discovery of fire to the development of human being.

7. Critically examine six effects of the legitimate trade in West Africa.

8. “Colonial health system wasdiscriminative.” Substantiate this statementby giving six points.

9. Why some Africans collaborated withEuropeans during colonial invasion? (Givesix points).

10. Explain six advantages of the discovery of iron to African societies.

ANSWERS (NECTA 2017)

Qn 1.

I	II	III	IV	V
B	B	D	C	A

VI	VII	VIII	IX	X
C	B	E	D	E

2.

i	ii	iii	iv	v
E	T	B	P	H

vi	vii	viii	ix	x
O	M	A	G	J

3. (a)  MAP OF AFRICA AND ITS LOCATION

(b)  Five tactics used to established of colonial economy were

i. Introduction of Taxes

ii. Land alienation and forced labour

iii. Introduction of money economy

iv. Introduction of cash crops

v. Construction of infrastructure

4(a).

i	ii	iii	iv	v
1	4	3	2	5

(b).

i	ii	iii	iv	v
E	A	A	A	B

5. History refer to an academic discipline which uses a narrative to examine and analyze the sequences of past events and objectively determine the patterns of cause and effect that determine them. It’s the record of human activities which enable man to survival and attain essential needs from the environment.

The following are the six significance of studying history

i. Understand how African societies were formed, how they developed and the factors that influenced this development.

 It also allows us to develop an understanding of the events, conditions and factors that shaped the past and those which have shaped the present conditions of the world in order to predict the future.

ii. Historical knowledge makes the present comprehensive which is why journalists and writers of sensational stories spend some time explaining the history of a particular incident;

It is only when one knows the past of a person or an incident that the present can became meaningful.

iii. Develop an understanding and appreciation of the cultural, political, economic and technological advancements made by African societies before and after colonial ruler ship.

Develop the basic skills of critical thinking, reasoning, judgment, empathy and effective participation in human developmental activities. Studying history also helps us to understand and appreciate the efforts made and strategies used by African people to regain their independence and resist neo-colonialism

iv. Develop, understand and appreciation the need for African unity, cooperation and interdependence, conflict resolution and effective participation in social, economic and political development of Africa.

It also helps us to develop an understanding of the relationships between African’s development problems and foreign intrusion, colonial domination, cultural subjugation and economic exploitation at various stages in history.

v. Acquire knowledge for its own sake as you enjoy a novel with fiction, a film with an interesting plot.

It is not clear why people are interested in these ventures and in the same way people do enjoy to know the history of particular topics.

vi. Develop our patriotism, history students know their heroes and heroines and traitors.

This makes history a sensitive subject in places where political leaders are not sure of their legitimacy.

vii. Enlightens people about the advantages of certain economic practices for example, the way the development in the world today is measured by the industrial revolution that took place in Europe in 1750

viii. Understand the level of development at different stages of human development. Without history it is very difficult to determine or to tell what humans were doing in the past. Therefore, it is through history that one can extensively understand the level of development that humans have reached at in a given period in time.

ix. Helps us learn about technological transformations, for example primitive livelihood to advanced livelihood (using of stones and wood tools to iron tools)

x. Understand how humans adapted to their environment and how the struggled to earn a living from the environment.

This therefore looks at the long struggle of man by exercises of his reason to understand the environment and to act up on it.

xi. Understand the relationship that existed between humans, and between humans and the environment.

xii. Acquire skills in historical issues and becoming professionals in history, some people such as archaeologists and historians study history for career purposes.

6. During the Mesolithic revolution, the most important discovery made was the discovery of fire. This discovery had a lot of advantages to man.

The following were the six contributions made by discovery of fire to the development of human being

i. Man used fire to roast food

ii. Man used fire to clear vegetation

iii. Man used fire to keep himself warm

iv. Man used fire to Chasing wild animals (to defend himself).

v. Man used fire to heat-treat stone for making stone tools.

vi. Man used fire as a sources of light.

7. Legitimate trade refers to the trade of raw materials such as clothes, guns, ivory, rubber, groundnuts and cotton.

The following were the effects of legitimate trade in West Africa

i. Emergency of local wealth classes

ii. Introduction of cash crops in West Africa.

iii. Abolition of slave trade in West Africa

iv. Exploitation of people in West Africa

v. Introduction of western education in West Africa

vi. Development of infrastructure in West Africa.

8. Colonial health system involved the provision of medical needs to the white men and colonial subjects was affected by the construction of government and missionary hospitals, dispensaries in the colonies mostly were found in key forces stations like armed forces stations, in production areas and in urban centers.

The following were the six factors show how colonial health system was discriminative

i. Colonial Health system aimed at giving medicine to Africa peasants and labours in order to maintain the labour power.

ii. Colonial Health system was designed in order to improve the living standards of the whites since they received the best services than the other races.

iii. Colonial Health system aimed at destroying the African medication services.

iv. Colonial Health system aimed at preventing and cure the white imposed diseases such as tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases etc.

v. Colonial Health system aimed at maximizing the interests of capitalism in Africa.

vi. Highly medical personnel were the whites e.g. the British, French, Portuguese,Belgians and Africans served as dressing sweepers and other lower rank jobs.

9. Collaboration was the technique/ way or method of imposing/establishing colonial rule where by colonialists united or cooperated with some societies which had enmity by supporting one side to defeat the other then colonize all together.

African societies used the method to oppose colonial rule by welcoming or making cooperation with the colonialists against indigenous [fellow] enemies and conducting treaties so as to get support and preserve their interests against their enemies.

The following were the reasons why some Africans collaborated with European during colonial invasion

i. Weak military power

Some societies had poor military power compared to the colonialists; therefore they decided to cooperate with them in the opposing manner.

ii. Poor leadership

Some societies in Africa decided to cooperate with colonialists because they had poor or weak leaders who were not militant confident to fight against colonial rule.

iii. To fight against their fellow Africans.

Some African societies collaborated with colonial rule invaders so as to get assistance to fight their fellow enemies who were strong militarily. For example Sangu, Bena and Yao collaborated with the Germany against Mkwawa of the Hehe.

iv. To get military/ weapon support.

African societies collaborated with colonialists because they wanted to get strong military weapons to defend their territories i.e. Nambongo Mumia of Wanga and KabakaMutesa collaborated with the British to get strong arms.

v. Fear and to promote peace and harmony.

Some societies in Africa decided to cooperate with colonialists due to the desire of maintenance of peace and harmony and avoiding warfare.

  

vi. Ignorance.

Ignorance of some Africans especially rulers [leaders] who did not understand the mission [intention] of colonialists through given gifts, fooled and persuaded them to sign bogus treaties. For example chief Mangungo of MsoveroKisola signed a bogus treaty with Karl peters. King Lobengula of shone and Ndebele signed bogus treaties with John Moffat

vii. Natural problems such as calamities/ disaster.

Some societies in Africa suffered a lot with natural calamities such as drought, floods hunger etc which made them weak politically hence collaborating with the colonialists to get relief or assistance. For example the Maasai, the Chagga, the Kikuyu etc.

viii. The role of missionaries:-

They played a great role to soften the African mind by preaching them to be humble and obedient to their masters; this lowered the African temper against colonial rule.

10. Iron was discovered through particular stones which become hot and cool and finally change to a hard matter known as iron. In East Africa, the Iron Age is believed to have begun around 1000AD. Famous early iron sites were discovered in Engaruka within the rift valley in Northern Tanzania. Other sites include Uvinza, Karagwe, Ugweno, Iteso and western shores of Lake Victoria.

The following were the six advantages of the discovery of iron to African societies

i. The discovery of iron technology led to the manufacture of better and efficient tools for farming. For example, iron hoes and panga

ii. The use of iron tools enabled people to clear natural vegetation and bring more land under cultivation hence more food

 iii. The demand for iron - ore and iron tools led to the development of trade between communities,

iv. The development of iron technology led to job specialization

v. Iron smiths became very respectable members of the society

vi. Contributed to the improvement of agriculture

THANK YOU