SOLVING OF HISTORY NECTA 2019

.

HISTORY NECTA 2019

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

SECTION A (20 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section. 

For each of the items (i)-(x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternative and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i) What are the major types of oral traditions?

A. Museums and archives

B. Poems and Proverbs

C. Historical sites and narration of events

D. Archaeology and museum

E. Cultural practices and narration of events.

(ii) Why is Charles Darwin famous in history?

 A. He discovered pebbles and chopping tools.

 B. He discovered the fossil of man’s ancestors.

 C. He introduced the theory of creation.

 D. He discovered the remains of old people.

 E. He introduced the theory of evolution.

(iii) What was the most common method of farming in pre-colonial Africa?

A. Mixed farming

B. Plantation Agriculture

C. Shifting cultivation

D. Slash and burn cultivation

E. Permanent crop cultivaton.

(iv) As a historian, which one would you consider as Prince Henry’s main aims in organizing the Portuguese voyages to West and East African coasts?

A. Acquiring raw materials, markets and cheap labour

B. Acquiring colonies, raw materials and markets

C. Spread Christianity, adventure and trade

D. Establishing processing industries, markets and raw materials

 E. Abolishing slave trade, Slavery and introduction of legitimate trade.

(v) What took place in Europe between 1750s and 1850s?

A. Industrial revolution

B. Scramble for Africa

C. Mercantile capitalism

D. Emergence of slave trade

 E. Monopoly capitalism.

(vi) Colonialism was established through

A. Post-colonial political changes.

B. Violence and coercion.

C. Piracy and plundering.

D. Revolution and violence.

E. Waylaying and bogus treaties.

(vii) Who headed the Central government of the colony?

A. Queen

B. Governor

C. Secretary for colonies

D. Secretary General

E. Minister for colonies.

(viii) The law that demanded the Africans to carry card “Kipande” aimed at ensuring that

A. the European colony is exploited effectively.

B. there is effective occupation of the colony.

C. the Africans should be allowed to grow cash crops.

D. the welfare of the Africans were taken care of.

E. the white farmers got a cheap supply of labour.

(ix) Why British in East Africa provided colonial health services to few areas such as settler plantation areas, military camps and cash crops producing areas?

A. To make their subjects support the colonial rule.

B. To keep their subjects wealthier and resistant to diseases.

 C. To make their subjects fit for economic production.

D. To make their subjects loyal to the colonial state.

E. To stop their subjects from using traditional medicines.

(x) Which one of the following were the long-term causes of the First World War?

 (I) The formation of military alliances among the great powers of Europe

 (II) The need of revenge among the European powers.

(III) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Serbian.

 (IV) The rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazism in Germany.

A. I and II

B. II and III

C. IV and I

D. III and IV

E. I and III.

(xi) Which of the following were the countries which used constitutional means to gain their political independence?

(I) Mozambique and Nigeria

 (II) Kenya and Tanganyika

 (III) Ghana and Uganda

 (IV) Uganda and Tanganyika

A. I and II

B. II and III

C. IV and I

D. III and IV

 E. I and III.

(xii) What challenged the work of the police in 1998 in East Africa?

A. Terrorist bombing attacks

B. Idi Amin’s government take over from Milton Obote

C. Launching over the New East African Community

D. Inciting genocide in Rwanda

E. Adoption of the universal Declaration of Human Rights.

(xiii) The social challenges facing people in Africa include

A. Political instability and tribalism.

B. Tribalism and neo-colonialism.

C. Colonialism and illiteracy.

D. Illiteracy and diseases.

E. Corruption and lack of rule of law.

(xiv) Which organ of the United Nation investigates situations that pose threat to international peace?

A. The Executive Secretariat

B. The General Assembly

C. The Trusteeship Council

D. The Security Council

E. Te Red Cross.

(xv) The international organization undermine by Hitler was called

A. United Nations Organization.

B. League of Nations.

C. Non-Alignment Movements.

D. Berlin conference.

E. International Court Of Justice.

2.Match the items in List A with responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number.

List A	List B
(i) The revolution that was led by Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1952. (ii) The revolution that removed the Arab from power during the 1960s. (iii) The revolution that took place in 1917 and inspired African nationalism. (iv) The revolution that took place in 1949 provided material and moral support to African nationalist struggles. (v) The revolution whose impact led to the abolition of slave trade.	A. Russian revolution B. Industrial revolution C. Mineral revolution D. Egypt revolution E. Libya revolution F. Chinese revolution G. Zanzibar revolution H. Sudanese October revolution

ANSWERS QN.1

I	ii	iii	iv	v
B	E	C	A	A

Vi	vii	viii	ix	x
E	B	A	C	E

Xi	Xii	Xiii	XIV	XV
D	D	D	D	B

2. 

I	ii	iii	iv	V
D	G	A	F	C

SECTION B (35 Marks) 

Answer all questions in this section.

3. Answer the following questions briefly

 (i) Mzee Juma is an illiterate man with 89 years of age. He narrates past political events to his grand child who is eighteen years old. Why such method used by Mzee Juma is considered as an unreliable source of historical information?

 (ii) Why the Germany colonial agents would not forget the Hehe resistance?

 (iii) How would you relate the French Assimilation policy and destruction of African culture?

(iv) How would you prove that colonial education was an agent of division and racism in colonial Africa?

      

 (v) Why Adolf Hitler is blamed for the occurrence of Second World War?

 (vi) Why some historians consider Chancellor Otto Bismarck as the architect of the partition of the African continent?

4. Arrange the following statements in chronological order by using number 1 to 6 to beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

   

 (i).  The League of Nations did not take any action when Japanese attacked Manchuria

 (ii). The United Nations Organization emerged as the successor to the League of Nations.

 (iii). One of the treaties signed by the Central powers was the Versailles Treaty of 1919.

 (iv). Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini used the effects of the Great Depression as a chance to enter into power and promised people to revive the Germany and Italy’s economy respectively.

 (v). Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour forced the United States of America to participate in the Second World War.

(vi). The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand immediately caused the emergence of military conflicts among the European powers.

5. Draw a sketch map of Africa and locate by using roman numbers.

(i) A country which adopted a kind of socialist ideology known as Socialism and Self Reliance.

 (ii) A country which adopted socialist ideology known as Humanism.

 (iii) A  Country which was not colonized and is currently the headquarters of African Union.

(iv)  A country which adopted a kind of a socialist ideology known as Common Man’s Charter

 (v)  A Portuguese colony which tried to adopt a socialist ideology under the FRELIMO political party.          

      

SECTION C (45 Marks)

Answer three(3)  questions from this section.

6. By using six points, explain how the Berlin Conferences of 1884/1885 helped the European countries to prevent war that would have occurred due to the scramble for colonies.

7. How was migrant labour beneficial to the capitalists during the colonial period? Limit your response to six points.

8. Elaborate six factors that contributed to the occurrence of Mfecane during te 19 century.

9. “African Countries have been suffering socially, economically and politically as a result of being members of the United Nations”. Explain six reasons to justify this statements.

ANSWERS (NECTA 2019)

3. (i) Method used by Mzee Juma is considered as an unreliable source of historical information because need much attention and power of memory, difficult to distinguish what is real and what is imaginary information, false information can be given by story teller,  and Narration of historical events are centered to those people of status examples Kings, Queens, Chief.

(ii) Germany colonial agents would not forget the Hehe resistance because HEHE resistance was among of the strong and powerful resistance imposed towards Germany colonial power since it fought for many years and brought a lot of damages, sufferings and disturbances to Germany because HEHE tribe under the leadership of MKWAWA had good war techniques inherited from the Ngoni tribe such as cow horns, short stubbing spears and long hide.

 (iii) I can relate the French Assimilation policy and destruction of African culture due to the following facts; French Assimilation policy weakened African traditions and Islamic religion in West Africa by introducing Christianity such as Roman Catholic, French Assimilation policy destroyed African traditional authorities and leaders since assimilated Africans replaced many to the traditional leaders and also African culture were regarded as inferior towards French culture which regarded as regarded as superior and civilized for example French language.

(iv) Colonial education was an agent of division and racism in colonial Africa because colonial education was segregate in the sense that only the sons of chiefs were given education while girls were not given education. Schools were rankers according to races. Examples There were special for the sons of chiefs.

 (v) Adolf Hitler is blamed for the occurrence of Second World War becauseAdolf Hitler’s political takeover in 1933 which ruthlessly promoted an aggressive foreign policy in violation of the Versailles Treaty of 1919, Japanese militarism against China, Italian aggression against Ethiopia, and the success of Germany in forming an agreement with the Soviet Union in August 1939 to divide up Eastern Europe. The immediate precipitating event was Germany invading Poland on September 1, 1939, and Britain and France declaring war on Germany on September 3, 1939.

 (vi) Historians consider Chancellor Otto Bismarck as the architect of the partition of the African continent because Chancellor Otto Bismarck legalized the scramble for and partition of Africa and He laid down the principles that were to be followed when controlling Africa.

4. 

i	ii	iii	iv	V	vi
4	6	2	3	5	1

5. MAP OF AFRICA

KEY

I –Tanzania

II – Zambia

III –Ethiopia

IV –Uganda

V –Mozambique

6.   The Berlin conference was the meeting of European powers which was held in Berlin the capital town of Germany from November 1884 to February 1885 at the invitation of Otto von Bismarck the chancellor of Germany. The conference was attended by the 14 powers, where USA and Denmark attended as observers.

The following helped the European countries to prevent war that would have occurred due to the scramble for colonies

i. Berlin Conferences resolved the international rivalries that ivoted in areas like Congo, Egypt and Nile.

ii . Berlin Conferences speeded the partition of Africa under the principle of effective occupation.

iii. Berlin Conferences highligtened the unity and degree of cooperation among European powers.

iv. The Conference opened the interior of African land for colonization.

v. Berlin Conferences developed Africa for imperialism.

vi. Berlin Conferences led to the setting of colonial boundaries in African Continent.

7.   Migrant Labour was in the colonial urban centers and in the plantations. It involves the migration of African labourers from their home in the Africans reserves to the mines and plantations. This made those labourers to spend a number of years away from their families in the reserve.

The following factors show was migrant labour beneficial to the capitalists during the colonial period

i. Migrant labour was cheap as they were paid a low way

ii. Since migrant labour was seasonal in nature, the capitalists had no obligation on provide terminal benefits, or pay the labourer during the low labour season.

iii. It was difficult for the migrant labour system to develop worker consciousness since. They were temporally they remained unskilled for all time thus they could not claim higher wages.

iv. They discouraged disunity among Africans.

v. They were reliable market for the Capitalists economy.

 vi. They were preferred to instill racial segregation.

8. Mfecane is a Ngoni word used to refer to the wars and disturbances which accompanied the rise of the Zulu state under Shaka from 1818. The Mfecane can also be defined as the time of trouble in South Africa. It was a great upheaval which affected areas as far as Western part of Tanzania. The Mfecane dominated the first hold of the 19 th century in South Africa.

The following were the factors that contributed to the occurrence of Mfecane during te 19 century

 i. Population pressure

Zulu land is part of the Eastern corridor of South Africa between the Drakensburg Mountains and the Indian Ocean. Due to the favorable climate and absence of diseases such as malaria, its population tended to increase rapidly. As the population increased conflicts between those societies became common and intensified leading to the Mfecane.

 ii. Land shortages

The people who occupied Zulu land were farmers, but the existing land was not enough due to population pressure, therefore the search for more land caused conflicts that later contributed to the outbreak of the Mfecane.

iii. The coming of the Boers

During the Boer Trek, the Boers left Cape Town away from British control and moved into the interior of South Africa, the penetration of the Boers into the interior of South Africa intensified the pressure on land which led to conflicts that caused the Mfecane.

iv. The role of Shaka

The outbreak of the Mfecane can also be attributed to the role of Shaka. Shaka pursued an aggressive and expansionist policy to expand his Kingdom, Zulu state. He attacked many states in the attempt of expanding his state, this action created conflicts that contributed to the outbreak of the Mfecane.

v. Control of profitable trade

The need to control trade along the Delgoa Bay is one of the factors responsible for the outbreak of the Mfecane. Trade contacts with the coast were very important because it was associated with acquisition of guns that can be used for conquest and expansion.

vi. The refugee problem created by the wars.

When Zwide attacked Sobhuza it led to the Ngwane moving from their place in the Pongola valley and into an unknown region where they became invaders and raiders looking for a new homeland where they would eventually build the Swazi composite.

9. United Nations (UN) was formed in 1945 with the main objective of maintaining peace in the world. The UN formed the trusteeship council which had to make sure all colonies gain their independence by using peaceful means. 

It is true that African Countries have been suffering socially, economically and politically as a result of being members of the United Nations in order to get political, social and economic gains.

The following are the political, social and economic gains needed by Africa countries from United Nations 

i. African Countries being members of the United Nations because UN promotes peace and security in Africa.

ii. African Countries being members of the United Nations because UN contributes to the equitable and sustainable development in Africa.

 iii. African Countries being members of the United Nations because UN promotes democracy In Africa.

 iv. African Countries being members of the United Nations because UN contributes to the economic and monetary stability in Africa.

 v. African Countries being members of the United Nations because UN provides humanitarian aids through WHO and UNHCR in Africa.

vi. African Countries being members of the United Nations because UN promote international relationship between Africa with other countries.

THANK YOU